Description

Tarpon

Salt Water
#
206-pound Tarpon.

Appearance

An oblong body, compressed, and covered with large, thick, silvery cycloid scales. Mouth large and superior. Primarily silver in color, though its dorsal surface is somewhat darker than the ventral area.

Maximum Size

Reaches 6.5-8.5 feet (2-2.6m) and over 260 pounds (120 kg).

Geographic Range

Found in shallow coastal waters from Western Atlantic Ocean from Virginia to Brazil and Gulf of Mexico. They are also found in eastern Atlantic off tropical Africa. West Indies, Florida, and Gulf of Mexico have the heaviest populations. 

Habitat

Larvae and juvenile grow up in salt marshes and mangrove ponds, tidal creeks, rivers , ditches, and beaches. Not much changes by the time they're adults, and range grows as tarpon become better equipped to handle more brackish, almost fresh water. They can do so because they come to the surface to breathe air, rather than relying on filtering oxygen through the use of gills.

Life Span

Can reach from 40-50 years of age, but generally the 15-20 range is average for tarpon.

Food

Tarpon are strict carnivores and feed on pinfish, needlefish, sardines, shrimp, and crabs. As they have small teeth they swallow prey whole when feeding. 

Spawning

A 6.5 foot (2 m) long tarpon can produce over 12 million eggs. Reproductive maturity is attained when they grow to be 4 feet (120 cm) long. They spawn primarily on the Caribbean coast of the Gulf of Mexico and west of Florida.    

Predators

Adult tarpon are occasionally eaten by sharks, porpoises, and alligators. As they come up to surface for air, marine birds are also a predator for the tarpon.

Information courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey.

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